London |
02076 920 670 |
Exeter |
01392 927 961 |
Manchester |
01612 970 026 |
Bristol |
01173 270 092 |
R1 Use as fuel
Use as a fuel (other than in direct incineration) or other
means to generate energy - use of tyres, waste oils, or spent solvents in cement
kilns; co-incineration of sewage sludge or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) from
municipal waste in power stations.
Solvent reclamation/regeneration - re-refining of solvents
in order to separate contaminants and to restore the solvent to its original
quality or to a
lower grade product (e.g. lacquer thinner); preparation of
secondary liquid fuels (SLF), usually by blending with other liquid wastes.
Recycling/reclamation of organic substances which are not
used as solvents - recycling of waste paper and board; reprocessing and
recycling of plastic waste; composting of bio waste and green waste;
fermentation of biodegradable waste for biogas production (biogas plants).
Recycling/reclamation of metals and metal compounds -
recycling of scrap and production waste in steelworks; shredding and
reprocessing of ELVs and WEEE; thermal treatment of cables or oil-contaminated
metals; battery recycling; electrolytic recovery of silver from photo chemicals.
Recycling/reclamation of other inorganic
materials - reprocessing of construction and demolition waste; reprocessing and
recycling of glass waste; use as secondary raw material in cement kilns; asphalt
mixing plants; use for underground stowage in mines.
Regeneration of acids or bases -
re-concentration of spent acids; the thermal decomposition of spent sulphuric
acid for use as feedstock in sulphuric acid production.
Recovery of components used for pollution abatement -
regeneration of activated carbon from water purification and flue gas treatment,
mainly by thermal treatment; the regeneration of resins by solvent washing.
Recovery of components from catalysts -regeneration of catalysts to be reused as catalysts; the recovery of catalyst components, mainly of metal components, e.g. recycling of precious metals from catalytic converters in vehicle exhausts.
Used oil re-refining or other reuses of previously used
oil - Re-refining into base oils which can be used to manufacture lubricating
products; use to generate fuel which can be used as a substitute for coal,
diesel and light fuel.
Land treatment resulting in benefit to
agriculture or ecological improvement - use of sewage sludge in agriculture in
compliance with the Sewage Sludge Directive; the spreading on land of compost
from the treatment of separately collected biowaste; the use of manure in
compliance with agricultural regulations; the use of mineral wastes as
fertilisers in compliance with national legislation; landscape restoration, e.g.
as final landfill cover; restoration of old disused quarries.
Uses of residual materials obtained from
any of the operations numbered R1-R10 - energy recovery of sorting residues,
shredder light fraction, or distillation sludge from oil-refining; the use of
slag from co-incineration for underground stowage.
Exchange of wastes for submission to any of the operations
numbered R1-R11 - basic sorting activities; mixing of waste from different
generators before it is sent to a recovery facility; transfer and compaction of
waste; shredding of wood waste prior to energy recovery.
Accumulation of material intended for any operation
numbered R1-R12 - interim storage of waste prior to recovery is limited to a
period of <3 years, otherwise storage is subject to provisions of Landfill
Directive.